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  <Version>2.3.1</Version>
  <Instrument>
    <ResourceID>spase://CNES/Instrument/CDPP-AMDA/Solar_Orbiter/RPW</ResourceID>
    <ResourceHeader>
      <ResourceName>RPW</ResourceName>    
      <AlternateName>Plasma Wave Investigation</AlternateName>
      <ReleaseDate>2017-11-27T21:10:13Z</ReleaseDate>
      <Description>RPW will make key measurements in support of the first three, out of four top-level scientific questions,
which drive Solar Orbiter overall science objectives:
* How and where do the solar wind plasma and magnetic field originate in the corona?
* How do solar transients drive heliospheric variability?
* How do solar eruptions produce energetic particle radiation that fills the heliosphere?
* How does the solar dynamo work and drive connections between the Sun and the heliosphere?

Here is the summary of the specific RPW Science Objectives.
* Solar and Interplanetary Radio Burst:
  - What is the role of shocks and flares in accelerating particles near the Sun?
  - How is the Sun connected magnetically to the interplanetary medium?
  - What are the sources and the global dynamics of eruptive events?
  - What is the role of ambient medium conditions on particle acceleration and propagation?
  - How do variations and structure in the solar wind affect low frequency radio wave propagation?
* Electron density and temperature measurements with the Quasi-Thermal Noise spectroscopy:
  - Precise measurement of both the electron density and temperature, with accuracies respectively of
    a few % and around 10 %, at perihelion.
  - Study the non-thermal character of the electron distributions at perihelion.
* Radio emission processes from electron beams:  Langmuir waves and electromagnetic mode conversion:
  - Measurements for the first time in the Solar Wind of both the electric and magnetic field waveforms
    at high time resolution (up to 500 kSs).
  - Study of the mode conversion from Langmuir to electromagnetic waves.
  - Study of the energy balance between electron beams, Langmuir waves and e.m.  radio waves at
    several radial distances
* Solar wind microphysics and turbulence:
  - Measure of the waves associated with the plasma instabilities that are generated by temperature
    anisotropies in the solar wind.
  - First DC/LF electric field measurements in the inner heliosphere and over a large radial distance
    in the solar.
* Shocks, Reconnection, Current Sheets, and Magnetic Holes:
  - Identification and study of the reconnection process in current sheets with thickness down to the ion
    scales and smaller.
  - Determination of the interplanetary shock structure down to the spatial and temporal scales comparable
    and smaller than the typical ion scales.
  - Determination of different particle energisation mechanisms within shocks and reconnection regions.
  - Distinguish different radio burst generation mechanisms. Interplanetary Dust
  - Determination, in combination with the EPD instrument, the spatial distribution, mass and dynamics
    of dust particles in the near-Sun heliosphere, in and out of the ecliptic.

To cover its specific Science Objectives, RPW will measure magnetic and electric fields at high time
resolution using a number of sensors, to determine the characteristics of electromagnetic and electrostatic
waves in the solar wind. More precisely, RPW will:
* Make the first-ever high accuracy, high-sensitivity and low noise measurements of electric fields
  at low frequencies (below ~1 kHz) in the inner Heliosphere.
* Measure the magnetic and electric fields of the solar wind turbulence with high sensitivity and
  dynamic range along the spacecraft trajectory.
* Store high-resolution data from scientifically interesting regions such as in-situ shock crossings,
  in-situ Type III events and others.
* Measure the satellite potential with high temporal resolution permitting to estimate the density
  fluctuations in the solar wind and allowing higher accuracy particle instrument measurements.
* Measure the quasi thermal noise and Langmuir waves around the local plasma frequency
* Measure for the first type the high frequency magnetic counterpart of Langmuir waves associated
  with in-situ Type III bursts
* Observe the solar and interplanetary radio burst
* Observe the radio counterpart of dust particle impacts
* Detect on-board in-situ shock crossings and store the corresponding data
* Detect on-board in-situ Type III events and store the corresponding data</Description>  
      <Acknowledgement/>
      <Contact>
        <PersonID>spase://SMWG/Person/Milan.Maksimovic</PersonID>
        <Role>PrincipalInvestigator</Role>
      </Contact>   
      <InformationURL>
        <Name/> 
        <URL/> 
      </InformationURL>     
    </ResourceHeader>
    <InstrumentType>Antenna</InstrumentType>
    <InstrumentType>SearchCoil</InstrumentType>
    <ObservatoryID>spase://CNES/Observatory/CDPP-AMDA/SolO</ObservatoryID>
    <Caveats/>
  </Instrument>
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