2.3.1 spase://CNES/NumericalData/CDPP-AMDA/Ephemerides/callisto-orb-all Callisto 2018-10-14T11:46:29Z Callisto is the outermost of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter. It orbits at a distance of approximately 26 radius of Jupiter. This is significantly larger than the orbital radius of the next-closest Galilean satellite, Ganymede. As a result of this relatively distant orbit, Callisto does not participate in the mean-motion resonance in which the three inner Galilean satellites are locked and probably never has. Like most other regular planetary moons, Callisto's rotation is locked to be synchronous with its orbit. The length of Callisto's day, simultaneously its orbital period, is about 16.7 Earth days. Its orbit is very slightly eccentric and inclined to the Jovian equator, with the eccentricity and inclination changing quasi-periodically due to solar and planetary gravitational perturbations on a timescale of centuries. The ranges of change are 0.0072–0.0076 and 0.20–0.60°, respectively. These orbital variations cause the axial tilt to vary between 0.4 and 1.6°. The dynamical isolation of Callisto means that it has never been appreciably tidally heated, which has important consequences for its internal structure and evolution. Its distance from Jupiter also means that the charged-particle flux from Jupiter's magnetosphere at its surface is relatively low about 300 times lower than, for example, that at Europa. Hence, unlike the other Galilean moons, charged-particle irradiation has had a relatively minor effect on Callisto's surface. The radiation level at Callisto's surface is equivalent to a dose of about 0.01 rem (0.1 mSv) per day, which is over ten times higher than Earth's average background radiation. spase://CNES/Person/NAIF PrincipalInvestigator jup-moons-orb PartOf Jupiter Moons spase://SMWG/Repository/CNES/CDPP-AMDA Online Open http://amda.cdpp.eu Text.ASCII SPICE spase://CNES/Instrument/CDPP-AMDA/Ephemerides Ephemeris 1970-01-01T00:00:05Z 2036-12-31T23:40:04Z PT20M Jupiter Jupiter.Callisto distance callisto-jupiter cal_jup_r Rj TimeSeries Positional xyz_jsm cal_jup_jsm Rj Cartesian JSM TimeSeries 3 x 1 cal_jup_jsm(0) y 2 cal_jup_jsm(1) z 3 cal_jup_jsm(2) Positional xyz_jso cal_jup_jso Rj Cartesian JSO TimeSeries 3 x 1 cal_sat_jso(0) y 2 cal_jup_jso(1) z 3 cal_jup_jso(2) Positional xyz_IAU_jupiter cal_jup_xyz Rj Cartesian IAU_Jupiter TimeSeries 3 x 1 cal_jup_xyz(0) y 2 cal_jup_xyz(1) z 3 cal_jup_xyz(2) Positional latitude IAU_jupiter cal_jup_lat deg Positional longitude IAU_jupiter cal_jup_lon deg Positional