2.4.1 spase://CNES/Instrument/CDPP-AMDA/Cluster3/WHISPER WHISPER Waves of High Frequency and Sounder for Probing Electron Density by Relaxation 2016-10-04T15:37:47Z This instrument is part of the Wave Experiment Consortium (WEC) on Cluster. Its objectives are to: * measure the electron density via active sounding of plasma resonances; and, * record via passive wave analysis the natural wave emissions in the high-frequency range, from 4--80 KHz. An active sounder can provide the total local electron density, including the cold component, which is the dominant one in many of the regions to be explored. Most of the time, this cold component cannot be obtained from particle experiments, owing to the satellite's electric potential and photoelectron sheath disturbance. The sounder consists of three main parts: * a sensitive double-sphere antenna, measuring the AC electric field, provided as part of the EFW experiment; * a transmitter, a receiver, a digital spectrum analyzer, and a controller unit, which form the WHISPER instrument itself; * command and data processing systems, which are part of the DWP experiment. Principal Investigator: Jean-Louis Rauch spase://SMWG/Person/Jean-Louis.Rauch PrincipalInvestigator ESA web page http://sci.esa.int/jump.cfm?oid=33024 WHISPER NSSDC's Master Catalog http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/database/MasterCatalog?sc=2000-045A&ex=11 Information about the Waves of HF and Sounder for Probing Electron Density by Relaxation (WHISPER) experiment on the Cluster 2/FM5 (Samba) mission. spase://SMWG/Instrument/Cluster2-Samba/WHISPER DoubleSphere Wave Experiment Consortium 2000-12-01T00:00:00 Start of full orbit coverage: 2002-06-01T00:00:00 C3 spacecraft tilt by 40° during one month: 2008-05-01T00:00:00 spase://CNES/Observatory/CDPP-AMDA/Cluster3